Aeroplane.



L. BLERIOT.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7, I911.

Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

- WI/$2 e6 6623 L. BLERIOT.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.7, 1911.

. r mm 3 .s z 1 5% Z M w D 6 6 a M 7m 1 W a L. BLERIOT.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7, 1911.

1,045,666. Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

L. BLERIOT.

AEROPLANB.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. '7, 1911. 1,045,666, Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

LOUIBBLEBIOT, 0B NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nev. 7

Application tiled January 7, 1911. serial No. caress.

To all whom it may concern:

330 it known that I, Lotus Bnr'inro'r, engineer, citizen of the French Republic, residing at 56 Boulevard-Maillot, Neuilly-sur- Seine, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, -of which the following is a specification.

This invention. relates to aero lanes and has for its object to improve bet the general arrangement and the detail construction of these apparatus.

The invention will be readily understood from the followingdescription of an aeroplane to which, the said invention; has been applied, in its ent1rety,i ;w1th,,the BSSISWDOG the .accomrganying drawings, which 1 are given merely y way of :example, read :the various figures of which will be referred to as required. j

in the draw1ngs: Figure 1 Isa side eleration, with parts broken; away, lllustratin an aeroplane of the monoplane type in whl the features of the resent invention are incm orated; Fig. 2 1s a detail plan view ofa lon ing skid structure which is rovidedat the rear end of the aeroplancyig.-2 3;is a plan view of the aeroplane as an entirety; ig. 4 is a front elevation thereof; Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the tail of the aeroplane; Fig. 6 is a simi ar view illustrat: ing a modification; Fi 7 is a detail view showing one of the lat s 0, to be hereafter described, in detached relation; Fig. dis a diagrammatic Ian. view of the construction shown in Fig. and discloses the brackets b at one side of the tail aseatauded and in operative relation to the correspondin lath o, and at the other side ohthe tail as olded pad disconnected from, the corresponding at 0.v 1

Similar characters of. reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several VIOWB. i Y m As will-bcecen-fromFigsa'l and 5,1the

z body is formed of ,fourlongitudincl memit ms a, those two which are intended-toform bottom of the said body being rectilinear i elevation and the two others, which are etcnded to form the upper iacooi the said ly, are arranged res actively exactly mvc the, lower ones, and cat and connected to the latter in such manner that the depth of said body considered from front to rear thereof first increases slightly then decreases quickly so as to become fairly small, and finally remains practically constant, or more accurately, decreases very slowly until it isreduced practically to nothing. Inthat way, it is possible to reduce toa considerable extent the head resistance. As alsoshown in Fig. 1 the body is divided into two elements one of which the rear ele ment, carries the tail and the horizontal and verticalirudders, andthe other, the front elementcarriesthe othereparts'of the aeroplane... These two elements are connected as shown inFig. 1 b such means as-to enable them to take up ifi'ercnt inclinations relatively to each other. The connecting means may conveniently comprise simple hinge fee tenings between the arts of the lower members 'a andadjustab chinge fasteningsbetweemtheupper members a, said adjustable hinge ifastenings including in each instance a removable hinge pin and a sector-like part having a rowof openings through any selected one 0 which the hinge pin may-be passed.

Thetail is so constructed as to have a double convex transverse shape and its surfaces are mer d ,into the surface of the body. The tei construction in its preferred form comprises aseries of pairs of laths 7) arranged transversely, and preferably in such manner that the said laths have their respective outer faces arranged on the inner sides of the lon tudinal members a, a pair of ion itudinal athsvcby means of which the en a of the transverse lathe b are connected together, a cross-bar d which forms therear endpt-thesaid frame-work and is connected at its ends to the said longitudinal lathe ,o, and also bracing upri hts such as those shownat N and b as wel as strengthenmg wires such as those shown at b.

I In the modified'tail construction shown in Figs. '6 and 7' two series of brackets 71 are hin ed 'to' the longitudinal members a, in sue manner that the may durinc, M ort be folded along t e faces of the or longitudinal lathe c and a cross her of sirmi a l lar to the preceding ones are used. The means for holding the said brackets in their preferabl normal position may consist of pins for temporarily securing the said brackets to the said longitudinal lathsxQ-alld also, ass

Fig. 7 shows the bracll ets 6 at the side of the tail disconnected from their corresponding lath c and in folded relation and at the 1 other side of the tail in.-exten ied .relationi sud operatively connected to thecorrespondizig lath c. in the construction of the covering a pair of pieces of canvas e may be used, being cut est te the desired sha e and secur'ed, for instance'bv sewing, wit those off their respective edges which, whenfthEerectin'g't-is tihish'ed, -must' be brought in correspondence with one of the lathe cjan'd which 'a'regpro vidcd on their otheredges-'with hoo'ksmr other means for'lacing, this being done in such manner that the wliole of the said parts 0 should 'forma cover or cese,owin for instance, to'theprovieion ofcorreep0n ing lacingv means at the desired "points of thehody, namely at its front-portion which, in its turn, is preferably covered. ,as shown at'c imFig. '1, so'thht'it can be, mounted in the 'sim lest'muinner-on'gthe body'and re moved from the top of the same. This'oonstruction 'issh'own in Fl 1, 8, 5 undo. ihe portions of the; comprised f-betw eeu the longitudinalir nem rs aand'over whiehthe parts a have *to bearranged, are {i at the same time lowered in'such manner t at thesaid" arts form abridge over the said longitu inal memberm-j s esietor'er giteierebly formsii at the i see portion! is appears from the 's'aid -fFigs: 1--"and l5 for bracin the longitudinal member'w'o the body In the vertIcaldirection or more exactly, forbracin'g the rear portions of-the body where the depth -is small (Which' is just wlmtimakee-iflpoesible to carry outin' practice-the desired construction) *oontinu ous plates are used which plates lire-preterahy ma elof veneeriiig woodythe longi tudinnl members aboin'g constructed ina corresponding manner,-aiid referabl y pm vidsd, more particularly in he ortions ih tended to he eot'ered' by'the tai with holes f or roducing' the vwoi ht, and more'pam ticularlyatthe points o stteh theningwith recesses f' which wire adapts to facilitate the genomhworkinin ihe-portion'of t e body wheroflthe-en giuc has to be plaoed is ai renged inimich manner that, :se shown in the-same Fi ilyeswmll mm Iiigr; which is a'front-view corresponding to I engine vie completely: ieolatedi mm the reat of I the 1 body, maeiely lfrem tlte 'sta't tor the aviators. a To that emit them din chamber which receives invite lt-rent portion lie siiid Fi 1-, =the said .:ing orsupporting plane and the floor is at the same time provided with as many per- 'forations as possible. For constructing the elements of the shroud or stay rope gear, -.-and -for controlling the warping rigid ele ments are used, sdvantageously constituted, 'as shown in the said Figs. 1 and 4, by parts,

for instance of wood, such as those shown at It and i. This makes it possible to do away with bracing above the planes and therefore" to do: away with the usual up or tower as well as with its accessories. or buildin the lundin chassis as shown in the said Figs; 1, :3and a system of ad'ustable deformable' triangles and also skid s l are used, theseshids being mounted on the inner elements of the said landing chassis.

For suspendin the rear part, a pair of bamboo rods Figs. 1 and 2) are used, which'a'rc bent and curved in a suitable menner, and lashed, for instance, to the bottom longitudiniiljtnembers a of the body so that they each form a kind of crescent at their rearendsand'are connected to each other, so that the wholejof the said parts, seen from the'end,'h1ive-the shape of an' X." This connection is made preferably by a metal plate 1"which connects-together the respective ends'o'f the said bamboo rods: also means are used-for modifying the natural elasticity of the whole device, the said means being preferably constituted, by a rod such as for instance that for mountin -'the horizontal rudder k, and aspring 1" swing the shape of 'a'"h orizontal C inserted between the said rod and the said metal I aving' fully described claim-j-'-- v 1 A bed for an aeroplane comprising RQit'dfilflfiliflifldfid into two elements so connected that their angle of inclination may be modified in accordance with the load, the lower face of which girder is subatautially flat and the'deuh of which is greatest ut a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases 10"! com aratively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the body.

2. An aeroplane comprising a body and a. tail attached thereto, a girder thelower face ofwvhich is substantially fiatand thedoptlrof which-is greatest with point somewhat rearward oil-he frontgend ot 'the body m d then quickly deoreasesflto moorumratively small figure which is malntained substantially constant to the re sr' end of the aeroplane, sad the surfaces of the said tail being-connected st ate 7'.

my invention, I

said body comprising .1

the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

3. An aeroplane comprising a body, a. covering for a portion thereof, and a tail attached to said body, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially fiat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane, and the surfaces of the said tail being connected at thesides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body, said covering being provided for that portion of the body which is not affected by the tail.

4. An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially flat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane, and said tail compris ing a covering, longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and means for supporting said laths from the body, the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially Hat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane, and said tail comprising a covering, longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and rigid means for supporting said laths from the body, the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

6. An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially flat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane, and said tail comprising a covering. longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and a series of cross laths arranged laterally in pairs supporting said longitudinal laths from the body, the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

7. An aeroplane, comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder composed of longitudinal members, the lower face of which girder is substantially flat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane and said tail comprising a covering, longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and a series of crosslaths, arranged laterally in pairs supporting said longitudinal laths from the body, said cross laths being placed between the longitudinal members of the body, and the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower. faces of the body.

8. An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially flat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane and said tail comprising a covering, longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and a series of struts supporting said longitudinal laths from the body, the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

9. An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substan tially fiat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane. and said tail comprising a covering, longitudinal laths supporting said covering and extending along the periphery of the tail, and a series of hinged struts supporting said longitudinal laths from the body, said struts being adapted to be folded along the body and the surfaces of the said tail being connected at the sides and merged into the upper and lower faces of the body.

10. An aeroplane comprising a body and a tail attached thereto, said body comprising a girder the lower face of which is substantially fiat and the depth of which is greatest at a point somewhat rearward of the front end of the body and then quickly decreases to a comparatively small figure which is maintained substantially constant to the rear end of the aeroplane and said tail compris- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ing a readily removable cover, longitudinal my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- 10 laths supporting said fcover and extending nesses.

along the periphery 0 the tail, and means for supporting said laths from the body, the LOUIS BLERIOT' surfaces of the said tail being connected at Witnesses:

the sides and merged into the upper and CHARLES WEISMANN,

lower faces of the body. H. C. COKE. 

